Taxonomía de los géneros Thymus (excluida la sección Serpyllum) y Thymbra en la Península Ibérica

Ramón Morales Valverde Affiliation: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Real Jardín Botánico (Madrid, España) Biography: Not available Close window

Ramón Morales Valverde About the authors  Publication year: 1986 Language: Spanish Subjects: Life Sciences Collection: Ruizia. Monografías del Real Jardín Botánico Free eBook

Abstract:

The present work is a taxonomic revisión of the Iberian thymes [Thymus L., sect. Serpyllum (Miller) Bentham excluded, and Thymbra L.]. The first part contains reports on the flowering periods of most of the Species, which have been kept in culture under the same enviromental conditions. A preliminary study on seed germination has been done. Bibliographical data regarding to pollination, ecology as well as biogeography of these plants is reported together with numerous personal annotations. The chapter on palynology includes a biometric study of 27 samples of pollen belonging to different taxa by means of light as well as scanning microscopy. As a result, pollen of 15 taxa are described for the first time. The chemical study, dealing with the essential oil analysis of 42 populations belonging to 22 taxa, has lead to establish their quantitative as well as their qualitative composition. In view of the complexity of these oils, a multivariant statistical analysis has been conducted taking into account only the 20 principal components, the conclusión being the great chemical homogeneity of this genus. The chromosome numbers of 91 different populations have been reported, these providing a very accurate knowledge of the genus in the Iberian Península under the karyological point of view. Taking into account the karyological data, a hypotesis of the phylogenetic relationships among the taxa is briefly presented. The morphological study is based on the characters traditionally considered to be the most important. Typification of the non previously typified accepted taxa is also provided. The taxonomic treatment here proposed is based on the study, not only of herbarium material, whose origin is briefly noted under the title "Material estudiado" (about 3000 sheets), but also on living specimens. The distributional áreas of all the taxa considered is presented in UTM maps with dots that represent an área of 10 x 10 km. As a result of all these data together, 28 Species and 8 subspecies are accepted for Thymus in the Iberian Península. These Species are placed in 6 sections, two of which are subdivided into two subsections. At the supraspecific le vel, the following nomenclatural combinations are proposed: sect. Pseudothymbra subsect. Pseudothymbra (Bentham) R. Morales, sect. Pseudothymbra subsect. Anomali (Rouy) R. Morales and sect. Thymus subsect. Thymastra (Nyman ex Velen.) R. Morales. In addition, one new Species and two new subspecies have been previously described in the course of this study. Hybridization in the wild has been proved to be rather frequent. 7 new hybrid taxa, found between their parents, have been described and three new nomenclatural combinations below the nothospecific level have also been proposed. The taxonomic position of Satureja capitata L. under the genus Thymbra L. [Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav.] is here supported, mainly on the basis of morpholo¬ gical and chemical data. Finally, traditional and industrial uses of these plants are briefly indicated.

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